THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF CHANGING WITH FAMILIES

By : Putri Aries Safitri

Human is a social beings, so human need to communicate with other to socialization with other. Communicating is a way how to send the human feeling in their mind to other. Without communication human cannot interaction with other. Building communication is very important to build a good relationship with other. Communication cannot separate with human life, to know more about communication, Satir, et. al., in her book ‘Changing with Families’ she spell out the theory about communication. According to Satir, et. al., (63-68; 1976) communication is a process which is sending message between communicator and the receiver. The message sending from the communicator to the receiver in different form. Sometimes the message offer with word, body posture, hand movement, and so on. In order to sending message from the communicator and the receiver, the communicator must speak or have action to sending his or her message to the receiver. Communicator have several steps, the steps of communication itself there are 5 steps. The first one is experience, the second one is conclusion, the third one is generalization, and the last one is responses.

The first step of communication is experience. Experience here have meaning the communicator and the receiver communicate the message than connect with they are past experience. Past experience here means that the communicator and the receiver what they have done in the past. In communication steps, experience is understanding the message by the human sense. Understanding the communicator message, with the tool called human sense, so, the message can be seen in the eyes, can be hear in the ears, can be taste in the tongue, can be touch in skins, can be smell in nose to understand the communicator message. The message can be seen and receive in five human sense, its call a process of experience in communication steps. The next steps of communication after experience is conclusion.

The second step of communication is conclusion. Conclusion in the communication process is have different meaning from the other meaning at another field. If in the previous step of communication is understanding the message by the human sense, here the process of understanding the message call conclusion. Conclusion is a process of understanding the message by the receiver. In other word conclusion here is process of making meaning from the communicator message. Making meaning by the receiver here, must connecting with the communicator and the receiver past experience to make the brief of understanding. After the receiver building the brief understanding or here call as conclusion, the next step of communication is generalization.

The third step of communication is generalization. The process of understanding the message by connecting the communicator and the receiver past experience to build the understanding message. The process of generalization here have meaning the receiver relate or remembering or thinking what the past experience before the communicator offer the communication with the receiver. In order to understanding the message in the steps of generalization, the receiver need to use mind reading to connecting the understanding and the past experience to know the real message by the communicator. Generalization here have important role to make the communication will be congruent or incongruent communication in the next step of communication that is responses behavior.

The last step of communication is responses. Responses behavior is an act of the receiver when he or she have understanding in the previous step. If the generalization going work well the responses will going good or did not make the communication misunderstanding. Here, responses divide into two type, the first type is congruent and the last one is incongruent. Congruent communication happen if the sending message work well, or can understanding well by the receiver. In other word, congruent communication is yes responses by the receiver. Incongruent communication happen if the sending message cannot work well, or cannot understanding well by the receiver. The receiver give two type of responses, if the receiver understand well, the responses will yes communication or congruent communication. When the condition is opposite, the receiver responses will no communication or incongruent communication.

Based on explanation above can be conclude that, the process of communication there are several steps. The first step is experience, the next step is conclusion, than generalization, and the last step is responses. Comunication is human tool to interaction and building the good relationship with other. Communication also a great weapon to fight with other, if the receiver misunderstanding with the communicators message. Communication also a great thing to solve the problem in the family, if communication process is effective and the all family member offer what they want and for grab the information to other families member to begin present state, so the families member can set the hopes to grab desired state together.